Farhan Musaie
1 
, Setareh Garousi
2 , Mehregan Shahrokhi
3 , Mahsa Babareshani
4 , Danial Zamani
3 , Zahra Ashrafi
3 , Ala Shadbin
5 , Ali Rezvanimehr
6 , Zahra Sanei
7 , Mehran Mottahedi
2 , Nima Rahimipetrudi
8, Nozhan Azimi
9 , Niloofar Deravi
10* , Fatemeh Arabpour
11 , Hamed Taheri
12* 1 School of Dentistry, Tehran Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
3 School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
4 School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5 School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
6 Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
7 Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
8 Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
9 Dentofacial Deformities Research Center, Research Institute for Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
10 Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
11 Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
12 Dental School, Kazan Federal University, Tatarstan, Russia
Abstract
Background. Periodontitis (PD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the oral cavity. PD can adversely affect glycemic control and cause macro- and micro-vascular diseases in diabetic patients. This article aims to systematically review the association between periodontitis and micro- and macro-vascular complications of diabetes.
Methods. This review was conducted under the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA). A thorough search of the Scopus and PubMed databases was performed up to 2022. English articles were included.
Results. In this study, seven studies with 29,679 participants investigated the relationship between periodontitis and micro- and macro-vascular complications. There were two cohort studies, six cross-sectional studies, and one case‒control study. Follow-up durations ranged from 6 months to 11.64 years. The reports were published between 2002 and 2022. There was a relationship between periodontitis and the microvascular complications of diabetes in four studies. One study found no significant association between periodontitis and the microvascular complications of diabetes. The correlation between coronary heart disease (CHD) and periodontal disease was confirmed by one study. Furthermore, another study found that periodontitis increased the risk of cerebral and myocardial infarctions.
Conclusion. The present study demonstrated that diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with periodontitis are at an increased risk of macro- and micro-vascular complications, particularly myocardial and cerebral infarctions.