Farzin Ghanavati
1*, Gholam Ali Gholami
2, Saeid Asgari
3, Mohhammad Jafar Eghbal
3, Farzam Ghanavati
4, Hesam Rahimi
5, Milad Karamlou
6, Mahmoud Tamizi
71 Fellowship, Department of Periodontology & Implant, Iranian Center for Dental Research, School of Dentistry, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2 Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Endodontics, Endodontic Research Center, Iranian Center for Dental Research, School of Dentistry, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Newcastle Dental Hospital, Newcastle, U.K
5 Orthodontic Graduate Program, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
6 School of Dentistry, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
7 Department of Periodontology, Dental School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Abstract
Background and aims. Tricalcium Phosphate (TCP), Bovine-Derived Hydroxyapatite (BioOss™), Demineralised Freezedried
Bone Allograft (DFDBA) and Calcium Sulphate (CaS) were compared in vitro for osteoblast cytotoxicity and in rabbit’s
calvaria to measure the bone histopathologic response.
Materials and methods. 34 critical size defects in the calvaria of 12 male Australian rabbits were randomly filled with the
materials and 2 empty defects were used as controls. After one month, histologicalal evaluation was performed on the samples
to record regenerated bone type and volume, material absorption and the amount of inflammation. Saos-2 cell line was exposed
to the materials and the cell line vitality was tested with Methyl Tetrazolium Test (MTT) to determine material’s osteoblast cell
cytotoxicity.
Results. The type of regenerated bone did not show a significant difference between the groups (p=1.0) while the amount of
bone inflammation was significantly different (p=0.021), where BioOss caused the least and DFDBA had the highest. Bone
formation was also similar between the groups (p=0.428). DFDBA group showed the highest material absorption while TCP
group had the lowest (p=0.028). DFDBA was associated with significantly higher Saos-2 cell line viability than TCP and BioOss
that were significantly less cytotoxic comparing to CaS (p<0.0001).
Conclusions. DFDBA group had the highest amount of material absorption and was associated with more inflammation
than other materials in the rabbit calvaria. BioOss exhibited lowest amount of inflammation and TCP had the lowest amount of
material absorption. Results of cytotoxicity test might be affected by different solubility constants of the test materials