Relationship between BMI ≥25 and periodontal status: A case‒ control study

Abstract

Background. Obesity is an important subject in both developed and developing countries. Obesity is a risk factor for many diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and osteoarthritis. Periodontitis is a prevalent, chronic disease and multiple factors have been proposed to contribute to its progression. we aimed to compare the periodontal status of normalweight and obese individuals. Methods. In this study, we consecutively selected 100 patients (50 obese and overweight as the case group, based on body mass index [BMI], and 50 others with normal weight, as the control group) referred to the Periodontology Department of Mashhad Dental School. The demographic data of the participants were recorded, including age, gender, height and weight. The following periodontal parameters were assessed: periodontal pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and plaque index. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, chi-squared test and independent t-test, as well as ANCOVA, were used to analyze data. Results. We found that the mean PPD was similar in the test and control groups (P=0.168). Moreover, CAL was not significantly different between the two groups (P=0.494). Conclusion. Our findings indicated that obesity and overweight do not seem to have an association with periodontal parameters such as periodontal pocket depth and clinical attachment loss. Further research is needed to evaluate this relationship.

Keywords: Body Mass Index, periodontal pocket depth, obesity, clinical attachment losss